The first programming encounter: a formula 
       Using a program as a calculator 
       About programs and programming 
       Tools for writing programs 
       Writing and running your first Python program 
       Warning about typing program text 
       Verifying the result 
       Using variables 
       Names of variables 
       Reserved words in Python 
       Comments 
       Formatting text and numbers 
 Computer science glossary 
 Another formula: Celsius-Fahrenheit conversion 
       Potential error: integer division 
       Objects in Python 
       Avoiding integer division 
       Arithmetic operators and precedence 
 Evaluating standard mathematical functions 
       Example: Using the square root function 
       Example: Computing with \( \sinh x \) 
       A first glimpse of rounding errors 
 Interactive computing 
       Using the Python shell 
       Type conversion 
       IPython 
 Complex numbers 
       Complex arithmetics in Python 
       Complex functions in Python 
       Unified treatment of complex and real functions 
 Symbolic computing 
       Basic differentiation and integration 
       Equation solving 
       Taylor series and more 
 Summary 
       Chapter topics 
       Example: Trajectory of a ball 
       About typesetting conventions in this book 
 Exercises 
       Exercise 1: Compute 1+1 
       Exercise 2: Write a Hello World program 
       Exercise 3: Derive and compute a formula 
       Exercise 4: Convert from meters to British length units 
       Exercise 5: Compute the mass of various substances 
       Exercise 6: Compute the growth of money in a bank 
       Exercise 7: Find error(s) in a program 
       Exercise 8: Type in program text 
       Exercise 9: Type in programs and debug them 
       Exercise 10: Evaluate a Gaussian function 
       Exercise 11: Compute the air resistance on a football 
       Exercise 12: How to cook the perfect egg 
       Exercise 13: Derive the trajectory of a ball 
       Exercise 14: Find errors in the coding of formulas 
       Exercise 15: Explain why a program does not work 
       Exercise 16: Find errors in Python statements 
       Exercise 17: Find errors in the coding of a formula 
       Exercise 18: Find errors in a program 
 References 
Our first examples on computer programming involve programs that evaluate mathematical formulas. You will learn how to write and run a Python program, how to work with variables, how to compute with mathematical functions such as \( e^x \) and \( \sin x \), and how to use Python for interactive calculations.
We assume that you are somewhat familiar with computers so that you know what files and folders are (another frequent word for folder is directory), how you move between folders, how you change file and folder names, and how you write text and save it in a file.
All the program examples associated with this document can be
downloaded as a tarfile or zipfile from the web page http://hplgit.github.com/scipro-primer.  I strongly recommend you to
visit this page, download and pack out the files. The examples are
organized in a folder tree with src as root. Each subfolder
corresponds to a particular chapter.  For example, the subfolder
formulas contains the program examples associated with this first
chapter.  The relevant subfolder name is listed at the beginning of
every chapter.
The folder structure with example programs can also be directly
accessed in a GitHub repository on the web.
You can click on the formulas folder to see all the examples from
the present chapter. Clicking on a filename shows a nicely
typeset version of the file. The file can be downloaded by first
clicking Raw to get the plain text version of the file,
and then right-clicking in the web page and choosing Save As....